Tuesday, September 15, 2020
Best Essay Writing Service
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Friday, September 11, 2020
Professional Essay Writing Help By Free Essay Writer Service
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Wednesday, September 2, 2020
Best Essay Writing Service For College Students
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Tuesday, June 2, 2020
How to Write a Romance Novel 5 Tips for Writing a Successful Romance
From Jane Austenââ¬â¢s Pride and Prejudice to Nicolas Sparksââ¬â¢ The Notebook, romance novels fill our hearts, ignite our passions, and help us consider the nature of love in a new light. There are many ingredients to a great romance novel, and first-time romance writers will need all of them to tell an effective story.
Saturday, May 16, 2020
Indigenous People And The Media - 1499 Words
Indigenous Studies is a very interesting unit as I am able to learn and discover more in depth about Indigenous People. However, the lecture that got me into deep thoughts was on Indigenous People and the Media. I kept asking myself; why do we view people that way? Why is it we change impressions when itââ¬â¢s a different race to ours? Now thinking back, Iââ¬â¢ve come to realise that media has a big influence to our everyday lives. Indigenous Australians in media are not highly recognised for positive news. The way the media interprets sources of information about the Indigenous Peoples has change the views on what we think of them. Now this has become a huge effect on the Indigenous Peoples as it lead to stereotyping, racism and discrimination.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Mainstream media tends to focus on the negative side about Indigenous Peoples like the ââ¬Ëproblemsââ¬â¢ and the relationship between the Indigenous Peoples and the public (McCallum, Waller, 2013). E ducational systems are the same, as the students learn more on the negative history of the Indigenous Peoples instead of the contemporary arts and performances of Aboriginal history. This leads to the view of many Indigenous children feeling outcast as people stereotype on their race when they donââ¬â¢t (Salote Bovoro, 2008, citied in Korff, 2016). We cannot deny that everyone stereotypes, including myself but I have become more aware that I should think before I do or say something. I was taught in previous years that I should ask myself, what if someone said that to you, how would you feel? Thatââ¬â¢s the same with Indigenous Peoples, they donââ¬â¢t want to be treated that way because yes, everyone is different, but we donââ¬â¢t need to point it out and criticise about it. RACISM/DISCRIMINATION As the unit is about Indigenous Peoples, people thinks that this is the most sensitive topic as people tend to think before they say something, unlike how they describe people who are the same as them. During the lecture on ââ¬ËPeople and Mediaââ¬â¢, it was a discussion where we were to describe the picture that is shown to us. For the first half, it showed pictures of the everyday lifestyle of ordinary Non-Indigenous People, whilst the other half were the IndigenousShow MoreRelatedThe Media Of Indigenous Australians1474 Words à |à 6 PagesPart A ââ¬â Media Analysis There is a populace of 18 million in Australia with Indigenous Australians making up roughly one percent of the Australian population. Due to this, the closest that a non-Indigenous Australians will come to have contact with an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander person is through representation in the Australian media. Most media stories are viewed as one sided or racist with even the Prime Minster Tony Abbott making comments that it is a ââ¬Ëlifestyle choiceââ¬â¢ for the IndigenousRead MoreLegal And Ethical Issues Of The Media1430 Words à |à 6 PagesThe media is a large, diverse means of mass communication. Many legal and ethical concerns arise when representing specific cultural demographics and the complex nature in which they exist. When representing indigenous Australians in the media, a deep understanding of cultural practices, beliefs, consent and privacy are critical in producing content that is both legally and ethically appropriate. Communication practitioners ho ld a specific responsibility to adopt legal and ethical frameworks thatRead MoreThe Impact Of Media On Indigenous Collective Action1725 Words à |à 7 Pagesarmed indigenous man leaning over the smaller soldier before a moment of apparent confrontation. On one level, the image itself is colonial portraying the soldier as keeping the peace against the unknowable ââ¬Å"other.â⬠Thereby in many parts this image misrepresents the complex reality of the situation and the history surrounding the Oka confrontation. But this image represents more then merely the Oka crisis, but rather the often one sided portrayal of Indigenous people within the media. The media hasRead MoreMental Health Community Development984 Words à |à 4 Pagespolicy so that resources are allocated on the basis of indigenous health. The development of the campaign and the various tactics employed have enabled the issues of indigenous health rights to come to light as a serious matter amongst the general publi c, political parties, organisations, media etc. The campaign and the information kits readily available are a practical way of promoting the indigenous health issue to a wide variety of people. The development of this campaign has enabled the widerRead MoreIndigenous And Non Indigenous Of The Baseball Team, The Cleveland Indians1657 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction Media, in its many forms, controls how individuals learn about different issues going on around the world. Many of these media outlets tend to have some sort of bias to lead the individual to be either for or against the issue at hand. This essay will discuss how Indigenous peoples are portrayed in the media, both Indigenous and non-Indigenous, and compare how these different sources portray Indigenous people. This essay will focus on one topic that has surfaced recently, the courtRead MoreAustralian And International Legal Systems1347 Words à |à 6 Pagesstudying human rights for indigenous Australians now it is vital to also consider this issue in an historical context. The profound injustices since white settlement have left deep scars which are ever present today. The new settlers followed the legal approach that the land was not ââ¬Å"ownedâ⬠before white settlement (Terra Nullius, meaning ââ¬Å"nobodyââ¬â¢s landâ⬠) and therefore was theirs for the taking. They not only inflicted systematic physical and mental abuse but they fenced Indigenous Australians out ofRead MoreNew Media Influence in Indegenous Communities945 Words à |à 4 PagesIndigenous people groups over the world have been influenced by the presentation of advances of remote societies for several years. Some have not incredibly changed their lifestyles, while others have totally changed identities toward one self, whole social orders and perspectives. Current advances, particularly telecommunication and machine innovations, permit indigenous assemblies to partake in the bigger social orders and economies around them. These innovations likewise, empower them to saveRead MoreAnalysis Of Stan Grant s Speech Racism And The Australian Dream 1280 Words à |à 6 Pag esAustralian Dreamââ¬â¢ (2015) effectively reminds the Australian population of the racism and harsh inequalities indigenous Australians have faced in the past and still face today. In reminding us of this reality, Grant engages us to discover issues of civic participation in Aboriginal people and in doing so perpetuates a need for social change. More? (topic SENTENCE). Stan Grant is a 52-year-old Indigenous-Australian activist, journalist and author from Griffith, New South Wales. Grant over the past three decadesRead MoreThe Importance Of A Culturally Competent Framework1672 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction Indigenous social advancement has been a top political issue since the 1960ââ¬â¢s. Today Indigenous youth can expect much more support and opportunity within education from pre-school through to University, which can be witnessed from enrolment statistics. This social advancement was made possible through the achievements of Indigenous Elders who overcame disadvantage to provide a pathway forwards for their people. Charles Nelson Perkins (1936-2000), was one such man. He was the first IndigenousRead MoreRedfern Riot Shouldnt Be Prosecuted805 Words à |à 4 Pagesof Waterloo must signal the end of society and media depictions that has created an inability to deem the residentsââ¬â¢ constant claim of police harassment and violence. It is time we should accept the grim fact that many existing attitudes towards the most disadvantaged people, Indigenous Australians, are part of this mayhem-like problem. The public intensely curved its attention toward what happened in NSW on February 15. A 17-year-old Indigenous boy, Thomas Hickey ââ¬â the most common being ââ¬Å"TJââ¬
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Intercultural Management - 2155 Words
Topic Review: General Management Effective cross-cultural management has to be grounded in a detailed knowledge of individual cultures. Discuss using examples from two multinational companies. I/ Introduction: In times of rapid globalisation and economic development growth, the environment of business has become more and more complicated as a huge number of firms want to globally expand their businesses. Subsequently, the managerial implications of cross-cultural management is the challenge of this development. As Abbe (2007) states, cross-cultural leadership has developed as a way to understand leaders who work in the global markets. Culture is the ââ¬Å"software of mindâ⬠that can influence peopleââ¬â¢s patterns of thinking and behaving.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As a result, it is critical and essential for adaptation to achieve corporate success. According to the works of Chaney amp; Martin (2011) and Harris amp; Moran (2000), they agree that international management skills are in need for the increasing scope of international trades and investments. A large number of multinational companies have expanded their businesses through both developed and develop ing countries. Some of the business invest directly and others are partnership arrangements and strategic alliances with domestic operations. Their studies show that independent entrepreneurs and small businesses have started investing and competing in the world marketplace. Thus, to acquire corporationsââ¬â¢ objectives, there is exceedingly a necessity for the development of strategic framework for cross-cultural management and communication in the current competitive global market. Chaney amp; Martin (2011) also noted that, cultural awareness and cultural differences are strongly important to the multinational corporationsââ¬â¢ success. A good understanding of the culture where business is implemented can make international managers productive and effective. III/ Examples of Two Multinational Companies: 1. Wal-Mart: In the United States, there are more than 4,000 Wal-Mart stores. On average, it costs more than $2,000 each year at Wal-Mart for every American household.Show MoreRelatedINTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT2924 Words à |à 12 Pagesï » ¿ INTERCULTURAL MANAGEMENT ââ¬Å"Managers must recognize the values that they share with the people of other cultures in order to understand the values of those cultures different from their own.â⬠Dr. Ian Lawrence. Leads Metropolitan University. Date: 15/06/2014 For Nakib Ahmed Business Management 104 By-Vishwas Kolla Prakash, Vivek Patel, Selina Szito and Shivudu Godda. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Intercultural management is also called as cross cultural management. It is very important to know aboutRead MoreIntercultural Management594 Words à |à 2 PagesIntercultural management A global manager has to consult with the legal services in order to comply with the host countries legal parameters. This is imperative for long-term relationship between such corporations and the host countrys government. This enables managers of international corporations to find legal recourse incase a problem arises. Such problems can only be addressed through local interpretation and enforcement. There are a few exceptions in countries like China where financial andRead MoreA Motivation Letter to Apply for a Master in Intercultural Management and Leadership743 Words à |à 3 Pages Motivation Letter ââ¬Å"Studying for a Master in Intercultural Management Leadership ââ¬â What is in it for me?â⬠In everyones life there comes a time to make important decisions that determine our future. Matter of choosing the path is undoubtedly very important. Despite the fact that many graduates in Russia find themselves in the areas of non- professional occupation, after graduation I managed to start professional career and business, and used my knowledge received during excellent educationalRead MoreIntercultural Management Challenges632 Words à |à 2 PagesIntercultural Management Cultural diversity within an international team could be a source of strength. Researchers indicate that a multinational team might have a big advantage over a homogenous team. Group diversity enhances decision-making and creativity through bringing different worldviews, experiences, and perspectives together. Cultural diversity makes a team have enhanced innovative capacity because the members generate multiple viewpoints towards a common problem. Therefore, cultural diversityRead MoreIntercultural Management Hierarchy vs Equality Essay1009 Words à |à 5 PagesIntercultural Management Hierarchy vs. Equality In hierarchical societies the unequal distribution of power, ro les and resources is legitimate. Individuals are socialized to comply with obligations and roles according to their hierarchical position in society and are sanctioned if they do not (see pic1). In egalitarian cultures, individuals are seen as moral equals and are socialized to internalize a commitment to voluntary cooperation with others and to be concerned with others welfare (seeRead MoreIntercultural Conflict Management Style ( Chen And Starosta, 1997-8 )1401 Words à |à 6 Pagesthree aspects of culture, including cultural context, language differences, and thought patterns, that influence conflict management style (Chen and Starosta, 1997-8). It is important to understand which cultural aspects of communication pattern may be at play when having conflict. One of the key factors that I have found for exploring the communication issues present in intercultural conflicts is the concept of high and low context communication. The idea of high and low context communication was firstRead MorePeace: the Practice of Intercultural Respect, Reconciliation and Solidarity1689 Words à |à 7 PagesPeace: The Practice of Intercultural Respect, Reconciliation and Solidarity The concept of Peace has been around longer than one can imagine. And although it can be defined in many ways depending on the perspective and sourceââ¬âwhether you are an individual, a government unit, or a mobilized group with a common cause, Peace has ultimately one basic meaningââ¬âthe absence of hostility or the absence of fear of hostility. Usually it is defined as a state of ââ¬Ëharmonyââ¬â¢ ââ¬â and this state is emphasized byRead MoreImpact Of Communication On Cross Cultural Communication911 Words à |à 4 Pagestrained in cultural differences run the risk of ruining a business deal or relationship. Mukherjee and Ramos-Salazar (2014) mentioned, ââ¬Å"The key to global business success depends on effective cross-cultural etiquette and global workforce diversity managementâ⬠(p.18). Companies that understand differences between cultures have a competitive advantage over others. Communication is important to any company and communication between cultur es has ââ¬Å"invisible barriersâ⬠(Guang Trotter). These barriers includeRead MoreI Have Learned More About Myself By Exposing Myself Essay1048 Words à |à 5 Pagesof intercultural communication competence include three perspectives: affective or intercultural sensitivity, which means to acknowledge and respect cultural differences, cognitive or intercultural awareness which is self-awareness of oneââ¬â¢s own personal cultural identity and understanding how cultures vary and the last perspective is behavioral or intercultural adroitness which consist of message skills, knowledge of appropriate self-disclosure, behavioral flexibility, interaction management, andRead MoreIntercultural Management: Analysis and Examples of Leadership Styles Across Cultures476 Words à |à 2 PagesIntercultural Management Introduction The characteristics of effective leaders vary significantly across regional and national boundaries, yet despite these differences there are shared common traits all share. The intent of this analysis is to provide examples of whats expected in terms of leadership styles across different cultures. As the Hofstede Model of Cultural Dimensions has shown, the effectiveness of a manager in one nation or region is significantly different than another (Hofstede
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Thomason Health System (THS)
Question: Discuss about the proposal to present before Thomason Health Systems board of directors related to establishment of an onboarding team for implementing a new information technology system. Answer: Introduction We at Thomason Health System (THS) are planning to undergo a huge information technology infrastructure update with electronic medical records (EMR) system and policy under the experienced supervision and leadership of Maggie Tweedy (MD), the chief executive officer (CEO) of THS. THSs mission is to practice medicine and care as an integrated team of compassionate, multi-disciplinary physicians, nurses, and health professionals who are focused on the complete health needs of the patients. Thus, developing an accountable integrated healthcare system will help this organization monitor patient needs and outcomes, use performance data and indicators for organizational and staff assessment, and implement new forms of reimbursement that result in improved quality while keeping costs checked, thereby complying with American Medical Association (AMA) standards. EMR will provide crucial information when treating individual patients throughout different points of care as well as provide data r egarding the effectiveness of treatments and staff within the system. However, there is resentment against this new project amongst some staff members. Thus, we have planned to form a team that will aid in implementing this new system in the organization. Team Selection For the attainment of this goal, as the chief operating officer (COO) of THS, it is my responsibility to create an onboarding team charged with the cultural adoption of EMRs by THS. Thus, after thorough review and checking the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSA) of the staff members, I have selected Marco Tortello (PhD), Virginia Pavini (MD), Christina Trevor (MD), John Lieberman (radiology technician), and Jennifer Kline (monitor technician) as the proposed members of this team. The reasons for choosing them and their roles are described below. Team leader - Virginia Pavini is an anesthesiologist and the chief of staff. Over time she has set high standards for staffing as well as establishing performance evaluation procedures and professional development polices. She has exhibited strong leadership and many staff members look to her as a mentor. Her belief that majority of the staff will eventually adopt EMR, with training and follow-up, makes her a suitable member of this team. Situation monitoring - Tortello being the chief information officer can be of great help in implementing EMR in the organization with his knowledge and experience of information technology (IT and public management. He has focused on innovation and technologies that are patient-centered while increasing the organizations efficiency through technology, modernization and business process improvements. In fact, he has been the driving force behind THSs acquisition of EMRs as he believes it will help minimize errors and inefficiencies. Mutual support and communication - Christina Trevor is a pediatrician and has worked at other organizations and facilities with EMRs. She fully supports EMRs and believes that EMRs streamline the process and allow doctors to spend more time with their patients. She has been a vocal supporter and has communicated her own experience with many other staff members. Mutual support and communication - John Lieberman is a radiology technician and has been at THS for 17 years. He is a strong advocate for EMRs and believes that it will help increase productivity and care while decreasing errors for the radiology department. He has also maintained very good relationship with the other technicians and labs. Thus, he is an apt member for convincing the lab staff and technicians about the benefits of this technology. Mutual support and communication - Jennifer Kline is a monitor technician and assists the nursing department by monitoring cardiac rhythms. She believes that EMRs will decrease mistakes and inefficiencies between departments. Her position requires Kline to work with other teams and specialists within THS and she has an exceptional rapport with staff and patients. Something that's good for the organization and ultimately good for the patient population is the ultimate goal of the above five members. Thus, they are apt for being the team members in this project. As opposed to this, the other members have ideology of something being good for an individual, their career, a particular constituency. They are more self-focused and are thus not appropriate to be chosen as team members (Nancarrow et al., 2013). Gene Rosario (MD) is a primary care physician and after so many years of experience is opposing EMRs because he feels that they are very burdensome and the doctors would lose autonomy. He also thinks that costs incurred for EMRs will limit community and charity services. Todd Ramos (RN) is a nursing administrator for the hospice facility. He thinks that the staff will be stretched too thin with the necessary training for EMRs. Though he believes the shift is beneficial in the long run, conflict persists. Frances Hays (RN) is a nursing administrator at the hospital. She does not want to use EMRs because she feels it is time-consuming and will cause her staff to lose interpersonal and communication skills. Thus, she needs to be convinced about the organizational benefits of EMRs. Todd Birchman (MD) is a dermatologist who has privileges at the hospital but maintains a thriving private practice with several locations. He is an exception to the team list as his main target is his private practice and he will not be able to give full time support for the project. Though he uses a very similar system to the one THS is planning to acquire. Many staff members have talked to him about his experience when he is at the facility. Team Building In a team, role ambiguity is the commonest cause of conflict. When people don't understand exactly what their roles and responsibilities are, they start doing another's role or doing something differently than someone other's expectation is. This creates miscommunication and conflict. Sometimes, teams develop coalitions. So in a five-member team, three people may gang up on two people. And then the majority will win through competition or coercion as opposed to collaboration. The team leader has important role here. The roles of the members of the team need to be clarified and all team members need to know enough about each member of that team, their aspirations, their skills, and their motivation(Mitchell et al., 2012). The conflicts may arise because in health care we have different expertise on different teams and conflicts may arise due to limited knowledge in particular areas. Thus, an interdisciplinary team needs to learn from each other. There may be cultural or gender conflicts. In such cases the leader needs to make the members understand and respect diversity before we put them together on these teams so that they can respect people for what they bring to the table (Belinsky, Eddy, Lohmann, George, 2014). Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety (Team STEPPS) is a methodical approach established by the Department of Defense (DoD) and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to incorporate teamwork into practice (King et al., 2008). The first stage that a team goes through is called forming. In this stage, everyone is ought to be very enthusiastic as it is a new project and all are together for the first time. The leader needs to take charge and be very clear about the goals, timeline, responsibilities, and role clarity. After the group has been working together a little while the team members become comfortable with each other and demonstrate a bit more skill. As a team, they have collected data on the barriers of implementation, what their competitors are doing, what the organization and the physician needs would be for this specific new service. So the team has more data but is not sure about what to do with it, how to analyze it, and how to p ut it into a meaningful pattern. At this stage, a good leader moves the team through a series of questions called storming. This is necessary to invoke performance. It is at this stage that conflicts arise. Thus at this stage the leader needs to recognize the different styles that people have and try to match them in a complementary way, not a way that they're going to conflict. Teams are notorious for having people try to come to a consensus, yet there needs to be discussion. If the conflicts are resolved successfully by the leader, the team enters the third stage, developing. At this stage the team has enough knowledge and has overcome the political nuances and is a bit more comfortable working with each other. Now the leader plays a facilitator role that allows the team to come up with the answers. The team begin to decide what their next steps are, who else needs to be spoken to, what other data do they need, who in the facility needs to be included. The team members are now con fident with each other's skills, they trust each other, encourage each other, are committed, resolve conflicts as a team, are accountable and result-focused. There are no role conflicts (Ãââ⬠iriÃââ⬠¡ RakoviÃââ⬠¡, 2010). Engaging the Organization Once the team is built it needs to engage the organization in its processes. This can be done after identifying the key processes, analyzing the processes, identifying the measures to be taken, analyzing the customer feedback, developing scorecard, and monitoring the results. The cause of resistance is usually the presence of certain blind spots and attitudes which the staff members have due to their preoccupation with the technical aspects of new ideas. This can be dealt with by presenting to them the facts and figures of the improvement in the performance of other organizations. Live talks related to the experiences of people using the technology can also be organized to enhance the knowledge of staff members about this technology(Lawrence, 1969). The onboarding team needs prepare a monthly report about the effectiveness of the system and the adoption of THS staffs engagement that will be assessed every three months, half yearly, and annually. With this plan we hope to implement this system successfully in the organization. References Belinsky, M., Eddy, M., Lohmann, J., George, M. (2014). The application of social impact bonds to universal health-care initiatives in South-East Asia. WHO, 219. Ãââ⬠iriÃââ⬠¡, Z., RakoviÃââ⬠¡, L. (2010). Change Management in Information System Development and Implementation Projects. Management Information System, 5(1), 2328. King, H. B., Battles, J., Baker, D. P., Alonso, A., Salas, E., Webster, J., Salisbury, M. (2008). TeamSTEPPSTM: team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/n/aps2v3/advances-king_1/?report=reader Lawrence, P. R. (1969, January 1). How to Deal With Resistance to Change. Retrieved July 24, 2016, from https://hbr.org/1969/01/how-to-deal-with-resistance-to-change Mitchell, P., Wynia, M., Golden, R., McNellis, B., Okun, S., Webb, C. E., Von Kohorn, I. (2012). Core principles values of effective team-based health care. Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine. Retrieved from https://micmrc.org/system/files/Core_Principles_%26_Values_of_Effective_Team-Based_Health_Care.pdf Nancarrow, S. A., Booth, A., Ariss, S., Smith, T., Enderby, P., Roots, A. (2013). Ten principles of good interdisciplinary team work. Human Resources for Health, 11, 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-11-19
Saturday, April 18, 2020
The Environmental Impact of Polyethylene Bags in Uganda Essay Example
The Environmental Impact of Polyethylene Bags in Uganda Paper Plastic have also posed danger to animal life in Uganda, fishing is one of the sources of income for most Uganda and plastic bags seems to affect the life of fish in the lakes which the people of Uganda earn a living and sometimes fish is exported to other countries, hence increasing foreign exchange and also providing employment to the citizens who may work in these fish factories around the country. (According to the ministry of land and fishing in Uganda report on the dangers of plastic to the industry 2007). Hence plastics bags are a big problem to the citizens of Uganda. Though the government have tried to ban the use, manufacture or distribution of plastic bags but in vain, non-profitable organizations (like the Greenwich), though by June 2007 the after the Greenwich filed its lawsuit against use of plastic bags, the government banned the use, distribution and manufacturing of plastic bags, but all was in vain to today(Monitor newspaper April 2009). Plastic bags less than 30 mirrors were banned but parliament didnt pass the law to implement the ban. Instead the manufacturers have increased the size of the plastic bags to 31 morons which is a big threat. Greenwich investigators June 2010). Suffocation , plastic bags not only cause life threat to animals in Uganda but also children who without supervision can easily suffocate on these plastic bags, some children play a lot where plastics bags are dumped ,(According to environmental law alliance cot 201 0),this is very threatening issue caused by the use of plastic bags and hence this should be approached by the government Of Uganda as a matter of urgency to protect its citizens. Laws should be put in place to ban the use ,distribution of plastic bags in Uganda as soon as possible. We will write a custom essay sample on The Environmental Impact of Polyethylene Bags in Uganda specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Environmental Impact of Polyethylene Bags in Uganda specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Environmental Impact of Polyethylene Bags in Uganda specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer More so plastic bags have caused pollution to the environment in Uganda more than anything else, measures should be taken to end the use of plastic bags given the disadvantages they pose to the citizens of Uganda. Fumes, since plastic bags cant be destroyed the only way to get rid of them is by burning them which causes fumes to the environment which is a danger as while. (According to the environmental law alliance group of lancers June 2009). This causes to the degrading of the environment violating the rights of the citizens to live in a healthy environment free from pollution. Though the Uganda parliament tried to cut funds to the ministry of water and environment, if they didnt encourage the ban of plastic bags, but still no law was put in place to end the use of plastic bags. More so they have made the city to be more untidy than before so this should be attacked as a issue of urgency in Uganda. (ganglands daily newspaper article peg 6 Feb. 2010). In conclusion given the many dangers caused by the use ,distribution of plastic bags in Uganda, they should encourage proper use of plastic bags and recycling and the re-use of all plastics to protect the environment and the tizzies of Uganda. Therefore the government should pass a law to ban the use or distribution of plastics and encourage the use Of paper bags which are not a danger to environment and the citizens of Uganda. The government should also ban the manufacturing of these plastic bags and encourage the use of bags which are less than AD mirrors. Shopping bags should be encouraged too since you can reuse it as many times as you want unlike plastic bags, so I believe plastic bags should be banned in Uganda and be approached with such urgency for the wellbeing of the citizens of Uganda.
Saturday, March 14, 2020
Communication Analysis essays
Communication Analysis essays Interpersonal Communication Analysis Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood is one of today's most popularized films. This film is full of both comedy and drama. The main character Siddalee Walker (Sidda), played by Sandra Bullock, is being held hostage by her mother's friend's (Tinsey, Neciey, and Carol). After being interviewed by the Times Magazine and given them dark secrets about her mother Vivian Walker. The article placed in the magazine led to some misunderstanding, which led to Sidda's mother being very upset. So to resolve this conflict between Vivian and her daughter Sidda was the Ya-Ya sisters who intervened and help Siddalee to understand some things about her mother. This helped to explain why Vivian is the way she is. Conflict Strategy, Axioms of Communication, Principals/Pitfalls of Messages, Message Characteristics and Listening Techniques/Guidelines are the Communication patterns that I will be focusing on for this analysis. I chose these topics to analyze because there's quite a bit of conflict and arguing, and these are the most recognizable concepts when I look at the film. The first concept has three parts that will be discussed, and this term is Conflict Strategies. Conflict strategies are ways people deal with conflicts. According to DeVito (1998) conflict has both positive and negative affects, which are productive and unproductive strategies. One conflict strategy is verbal aggressiveness, which is a "method of winning an argument by inflicting psychological pain, by attacking the other persons self-concept," (DeVito, 1998, pg.326). In the middle of the movie there are many conflicts taking place. The conflict between Siddalee and her fiance, Connor deals with their children, which they don't have and their relationship in the future. Sidda and Connor are going back and forth arguing with each other, and it gets to the point where Connor says, "you got me painted up in a corner...
Thursday, February 27, 2020
Wine bar project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words
Wine bar project - Essay Example The market survey and customer interviews that have been conducted provided the most important data needed for this business plan. The written plan highlights the executive overview of the marketing strategies to be adopted in order to increase the market feasibility of wine trading. The quality of the product and the strategies for the business are very crucial in the growth of any business. According to Marry-Colleen Tinney, ââ¬Å"Wine consumers in the Unites States are evolving. Unlike in decades past, consumersââ¬â¢ today are more comfortable with wine as an every day luxury, are more confident with their choices and are willing to explore the category more fully than ever before. The more you bring up different options, the more consumers are going to make them a part of their purchasing decisions. Within the past five years the wine occasion has become more casual as consumers are enjoying wine as part of every day life.â⬠(Tinney, 2007). The customers have the habit of experimenting with the varieties of wine and new products in the market. The National Restaurant Association reports ââ¬Å"that 46 percent of adults patronize an eating establishment on typical day, resulting in approximately 50 billion meals eaten out nationwide.â⬠(Suffolk County Department of Health Services). As the retail price of imported wines has dropped, perceptions of wine h ave changed from solely for special occasions to more daily consumption habits. This has driven an increasing consumer consciousness of price and quality and overall education about wine. By utilizing this opportunity wine bar with catering service will successfully operate in Suffolk County. After locating the premises of choice, it is crucial to obtain permits and license from health authorities and New York State Liquor authority before opening a Wine Bar in Suffolk
Monday, February 10, 2020
How the Field of Business Has Been Impacted by Social Networking Research Paper
How the Field of Business Has Been Impacted by Social Networking - Research Paper Example The research focuses on the companiesââ¬â¢ increasing their market segment presence by sending messages that will encourage members of the social networking sites to buy the companyââ¬â¢s products and services. The field of business has been impacted by social networking. The research focuses on riding the bandwagon by offering the companyââ¬â¢s products on the social networking sites. The company communicates with current and prospective clients to persuade them to buy the companyââ¬â¢s products and services by joining the innovative social networking groups. The field of business has been innovatively and creatively impacted by social networking in the area of increasing the companyââ¬â¢s advertising exposure to generate more prospective customers. Innovation is very important. Innovation ensures the companyââ¬â¢s presence and even leadership in the same market segment. Innovation can creatively persuade the current and prospective clients to prioritize the compan yââ¬â¢s products and services over the competitorsââ¬â¢ product lines. Innovation creates demand for the companyââ¬â¢s products and services. In terms of changing the field, social networking is the new innovative development in terms of communication tool. People spend more time visiting social networking sites to buy their needs and wants to compare to visiting physical stores. Many companies advertise their products on the social networking sites to generate more clients (global in nature). The use of online selling has innovatively changed the faces of buying and selling in our current market environment. The field of business has been strongly impacted by the change in lifestyle and society to have more focus on social networking. The social networking sites allow advertising at minimal cost. Small businesses can have a better playing field in terms of marketing their products and services.Ã
Friday, January 31, 2020
Cognitive psychology Essay Example for Free
Cognitive psychology Essay Cognitive psychology focuses on how a person interprets a picture or message. For example, a double figure drawing such as the top down example below is one part of the cognitive thinking process. Another mental exercise is the bottom-up perception of drawings and messages.à Often times, the judge in court cases would ask the professional interpretation of the psychologist to help mitigate or aggravate the current sentence of a criminal offender. The following paragraphs explain in detail what cognitive psychology means. 1. what advice would you give a judge to persuade her or him of the potential danger of wrongful conviction based on eyewitness testimony as the sole or primary kind of evidence? Support your claim using cognitive psychology research. The judge should not base his sentencing only on the sole eyewitnessââ¬â¢ statement. For, the judgment should be mitigated or aggravated by the professional opinion of the psychologist.à à It is a standard procedure for the U.S. judge to ask the Forensic psychologistà à to give a psychological profile of the defendant. The psychologist will then make a profile of the psychological well ââ¬âbeing of the person charged in court. The psychologist then applies the theories of cognitive psychology to determine the behavior, pathology and motivation and submit his findings to the judge. The judge will then include the psychologistââ¬â¢s professional opinion increase the defendantââ¬â¢s sentence for aggravating reasons (Burke 1). On the other hand, the judge could also decrease the defendantââ¬â¢s sentence for mitigating reasons. And the psychologistââ¬â¢s findings will be used either as an aggravating or mitigating evidence.à Normally, the psychologist can draw up the behavioral tendencies of the defendant by viewing the other evidences on the crime scene, the statements of various witness, friends, neighbors and relatives and prior psychological findings.à The psychologist is very much needed in the juvenile courts because the childââ¬â¢s behavior is not as mature as those who are eighteen yrs old and above. Generally, the juveniles commit crimes because of their psychological growth is not normal ( or abnormal?), The psychologist can recommend to the judge to transfer the child to child rehabilitation center for psychological rehabilitation(Barsalou 5). Likewise, the psychologist can persuade the judge to lessen the sentence in adult criminal cases.à The psychologist can opine that the sexual offense was psychologically caused by the defendantââ¬â¢s state of mind at the time of the crime. He or she could have been abnormal then. The psychologist can recommend a plea bargaining agreement with the Judge using his psychological findings in order to reduce the sentence that has been mandated by the criminal laws of the United States( Berger 10). In addition, the psychologist can issue his opinion to the courts regarding the reliability of the lone witnessââ¬â¢ psychological profile. For, the witness may not qualify as a lone witness if the psychologist opines that witnessââ¬â¢ statements were hallucinations, a big lie, or simply made because of the witness had misinterpreted the situation as what is was not. The psychologist will then assess the stimuli responseà makeup (cognitive psychology) of the offender. The psychologist can also assess the criminal offenderââ¬â¢s impulse control and potential for the individual to commit crimes. Likewise, the psychologist can opine to the judge that he defendant cannot psychologically defend himself or herself in the witness stand (Gillespie , 27). This will then be a ground to decrease the sentence of the defendant upon conviction. To reiterate, the psychologist can tell the court that the defendant was psychologically abnormal when he or she committed the crime. Thus, the judge must compulsorily use the psychologistââ¬â¢s evaluations of the defendants and the witnesses to plug the holes in his sentencing process. Also, the sex offenders would need the psychologistââ¬â¢s hand to help them. The psychologist would then tell the court that the sexual offenderââ¬â¢s sentence be reduced to being jailed at the Adult Diagnostic and Treatment Center.à The psychologist would go about by stating that the defendantââ¬â¢s psychological makeup is the main cause of his continuing spree of sexual abuse cases. 2. Describe what implicit memory is. Based on Reber (1993) how is implicit learning and memory different from explicit learning and memory. Implicit memory states that prior experiences affect the current behavior of a person even though the person does not intentionally exert a single effort to ponder over his or her prior experiences.à Likewise, repressed memories of the past are equated with implicit memory.à For example, improving onesââ¬â¢ job performance falls under implicit memory and learning. This is the main reason why many companies prefer to hire and give higher salaries to people who have many years of hands ââ¬âon experience behind them when they apply for a job. Definitely, a carpenter that has worked in house construction for the past twenty years would definitely be more skilled than a carpenter has tucked under his belt only one weekââ¬â¢s hands ââ¬âon experience.à Whereas, explicit memory is the conscious and intentional recalling of a personââ¬â¢s past experiences and informational data (French 26). A very clear example is trying to remember what todayââ¬â¢s itinerary or hectic schedule is.à It would include a ride in the park with the family, a meeting with the board of directors in the company, or a customer dropping by to purchase new products. Another is trying to recall the details asked for in the Civil war classroom test. Further, trying to recall the ATM password or the email address log ââ¬âin username and password when withdrawing money from the ATM machines falls under Explicit learning and memory. In short, explicit memory and learning entails effort exertion which includes thinking about oneââ¬â¢s past experiences.à It also includes talking about oneââ¬â¢s past experiences and writing them done. Further, it includes studying onesââ¬â¢ past experiences. For, they will surely increase oneââ¬â¢s expertise on doing a specific job assignment (Esgate 15). Reber stated that implicit learning refers to the variances in the behavior of a person that is influenced by past experiences. However, the person is not aware or exerts effort to try to recall the past experiences. Reber proved his theory through countless experiments including probability learning.à His probability experiments prove that the subjects were able to recognize or learn the variance in probabilities of recurring events without their knowing that their prior experiences in the same situation have improved their changes of choosing the next probable event. One Reber experiment shows that the subjects were placed in a training phase. The subjects were told to observeà 1,000 scenes at the rate of two scenes in one second in one experiment. The findings of this experiment shows that the subjects were able to learn what the next outcome would be in increasing accuracy as the test went on (Reder, and Schunn 46). Another Reber experiment shows that a person that solves several problems of the same will increase his or her speed and accuracy in solving such problems due to experience. However, the subjects were not aware of that their prior acts had influenced their current speed and accuracy. This is very true in classroom math exercises (Reder, and Schunn 69). Reber further emphasizes that memory and learning consists of conscious (Explicit) and unconscious (Implicit) learning processes (OBrien-malone, and Maybery 38).à And, Reber insists that the questionnaire index test is an explicit learning process (OBrien-malone, and Maybery 38). 3. Define what cognitive psychology is about. Cognitive Psychology is that branch of psychology that delves into the process of how a person uses his mind to find solutions to problems, memory as well as communication. It had metamorphosed from the Gestalt school of Max Wertheirmer, Wolfgang Kohler and Kurt Koffka. However, it was Jeanà Piaget who increased interest in Cognitive Psychology with his theory that people have different cognitive processes from infancy to old age. Naturally, he emphasized that child cognitive learning is much different from a married personââ¬â¢s cognitive learning. Going deeper, cognitive psychology involves how the brain solves mathematical and other real life problems. And, the cognitive scientists believe that the problem solving cognitive process boils down to the basic stimulus and response theory.à For, each stimulus gives different responses to different people (Fleck, 6). What are the main topics? History. Cognitive psychology had branched out from mainline psychology into its own specialized field in the 1950s and 1960s as discussed in Donald Broadbentââ¬â¢s masterpiece entitled Perception and Communication in 1958.à It focused on the processing of information with the incorporation of Donald Broadbentââ¬â¢s paradigm theory. Basically it was a study on how a person thinks and reasons as he tackles each problem or situation in real life or in the classroom. Broadbent emphasized that the brain is a the central processing unit of the human being.à Then, George Miller created the WordNet which is the foundation for many machine ontologies today. This was also the basis that has permeated from cognitive psychology to other fields like social psychology, personality psychology, abnormal psychology,developmental psychology.à Currently, current cognitive theories are being attacked from many sides. One such side is the dynamic system proponents. Further, cognitive psychology has gathered the fruits of researches in artificial intelligence and other fields of expertise in the 1960s and the 1970s (Esgate 15). Major research areas.à Currently, the major research areas of cognitive psychology are general perception, psychophysics, attention, pattern recognition, object recognition and time sensation (Berger ). Cognitive psychologists.à The list of cognitive psychologists continues to grow through the years. Some of the more famous ones are Johan Anderson, Robbie Case, Lev Vygotsksy, Alan Baddeley, Frederic Barlett, Aaron T. Beck, Donald Broadbent, Reber, Jerome Bruner, Fergus, Craik, Keneth Craik, Hermann Ebbinghaus. Albert Ellis, and Jean Piaglet (Berger, 4). What are some basic assumptions? Cognitive process involves a stimulus and the corresponding response to such stimulus. Basically, cognitive theory states the problems in math and other real life situations can be easily accomplished with the use of algorithm. Algorithm is the set of rules that will give a specific solution for a set of inputs. For example, one plus one (inputs) is equal to two ( the algorithm here is to count how many ones are there). Here, the rules for cognitively solving problems are rather vague or too complex for the simple -minded person to comprehend.à à Logically, there is another way of cognitively solving problems. This is what is called in psychology circles as heuristics. In sharp contrast, heuristics shows that the rules of solving classroom and real life problems are clearly understood but the final solution varies from one situation to another. What are some of the different methods employed by cognitive psychologists? The psychologists employ several methods to deepen their study of cognitive psychology. One such method is the scientific method. Another method is to use a personââ¬â¢s cognitive outfit in terms of belief, motivation and desire that are part of the mental processes. But, they always use subjects in their researches on how a person interprets a picture, a messages or other types of communication signals passing his or her way.
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
The Role of Ideals and Self-Interest in the History of America :: American America History
The Role of Ideals and Self-Interest in the History of America Throughout history, beginning when settlers first arrived in America, every event that took place became part of American history. Ideals, as described by Dr. Margolies, History Professor at Virginia Wesleyan College, are "motivating, lofty goals". Some of these ideals, which shaped American history, included life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as protected by the Constitution. Self-interest, a second influential factor in American history, is shown through the gaining of benefits for oneself. Although it is debatable which of these two influential factors was more dominant in American history, the possibility arises that they coincide with one another revealed by many documented events. Self-interest can be seen in many of the writings throughout American history. The mercantile system, as exhibited by the British on the colonies, was an extremely hedonistic approach to gaining wealth for themselves. Mercantilism, as set forth by the Navigation Acts, imposed strict and extremely descriptive laws that would limit and exploit trade in the colonies, allowing Britain to control the wealth and profit of materials and goods in America. These acts were used to keep America from trading with any other countries. As stated in the Navigation Act of 1660, "no goods or commodities whatsoever shall be imported into or exported out of any lands" to his Majesty belonging"in any other ship or ships...as do truly and without fraud belong only to the people of England or Ireland" (Restoration 98). Britain knew that by controlling the colonies in this manner they could take the raw materials out and sell the finished products back, and by doing so they would profit greatly. This mercantile system exemplifies the arrogant minds of the British while America was developing. This system would soon become a failure due to the people's demands to have representation along with taxation, and their desire to separate from England as a free and independent state. Likewise, it was due to self-interest of the greedy planters and the self righteous farmers in the south that slavery was highly used. At that time they needed all the labor they could get, and the cheapest way to obtain it was through the purchase of slaves. Some of the slavery was downplayed by calling it indentured servitude, where servants were essentially slaves for a limited number of years.
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
Commercial Bank
Aà commercial bankà (orà business bank) is a type ofà financial institutionà andà intermediary. It is a bankà that lends money and providesà transactional, savings, and money market accounts and that acceptsà time deposit. Commercial banks represent the core of the credit for any national economy. In turn, the credit is the engine that put in motion the financial flows that determine growth and economic development of a nation. As a result, any efficiency in the activities of commercial banks has special implications on the entire economy.That is why we consider very useful to present an analysis of possibilities for evaluating the performance in the commercial banks. The management of every commercial bank must establish a system for assessing investment performance which suits its circumstances and needs and this evaluation must be done at consecutive intervals to ensure the achievement of the Bank's investment objectives of hand; and to know the general direction of the behaviour of investment activity in the past and therefore predictable as it in the future on the other hand.Because of the crucial role that commercial banks hold in the financial sector, this paper focuses specifically on the managing core risks is banking sector as a vital segment of the whole economy, without which no modern economy can exercise the role and own functions. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- Origin of the word The nameà bankà derives from theà Italianà wordà bancoà ââ¬Å"desk/benchâ⬠, used during theà Renaissanceera byà Florentineà bankers, who used to make their transactions above a desk covered by a green tablecloth. 2]à However, traces of banking activity can be found even in ancient times. ââ¬âââ¬â ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- The role of commercial banks Commercial banks engage in the following activities: * processing of payments by way of telegraphic transfer, EFTPOS, internet banking, or other means * issuing bank drafts and bank cheques * accepting money on term deposit * lending money by overdraft, installment loan, or other means * roviding documentary and standbyà letter of credit, guarantees, performance bonds, securities underwriting commitments and other forms of off balance sheet exposures * safekeeping of documents and other items in safe deposit boxes * sales, distribution or brokerage, with or without advice, of: insurance, unit trusts and similar financial products as a ââ¬Å"financial supermarketâ⬠* cash management and treasury * merchant bankingà andà private equityà financing traditionally, large commercial banks also underwrite bonds, andà make marketsà in currency, interest rates, and credit-related securities, but today large commercial banks usually have anà investment bankà arm that is involved in theà mentioned activities[clarify]. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- [editTypes of loans granted by commercial banks [edit]Secured loan Aà secured loanà is a loan in which the borrower pledges some asset (e. g. a car or property) asà collateralà for the loan, which then becomes a secured debt owed to the creditor who gives the loan.The debt is thus secured against the collateral ââ¬â in the event that the borrower defaults, the creditor takes possession of the asset used as collateral and may sell it to regain some or all of the amount originally lent to the borrower, for example, foreclosure of a home. From the creditor's perspective this is a category of debt in which a lender has been granted a portion of the bundle of rights to specified property. If the sale of the collateral does not raise enough money to pay off the debt, the creditor can often obtain a deficiency judgment against the borrower for the remaining amount.The opposite of secured debt/loan is unsecured debt, which is not connected to any specific piece of property and instead the creditor may only satisfy the debt against the borrower rather than the borrower's collateral and the borrower. Aà mortgage loanà is a very common type of debt instrument, used to purchase real estate. Under this arrangement, the money is used to purchase the property. Commercial banks, however, are given security ââ¬â aà lienà on the title to the house ââ¬â until the mortgage is paid off in full. If the borrowerà defaultsà on the loan, the bank would have the legal right to epossess the house and sell it, to recover sums owing to it. In the past, commercial banks have not been greatly interested in real estate loans and have placed on ly a relatively small percentage of assets in mortgages. As their name implies, such financial institutions secured their earning primarily from commercial and consumer loans and left the major task of home financing to others. However, due to changes in banking laws and policies, commercial banks are increasingly active in home financing. Changes in banking laws now allow commercial banks to make home mortgage loans on a more liberal basis than ever before.In acquiring mortgages on real estate, these institutions follow two main practices. First, some of the banks maintain active and well-organized departments whose primary function is to compete actively for real estate loans. In areas lacking specialized real estate financial institutions, these banks become the source for residential and farm mortgage loans. Second, the banks acquire mortgages by simply purchasing them from mortgage bankers or dealers. In addition, dealer service companies, which were originally used to obtain c ar loans for permanent lenders such as commercial banks, wanted to broaden their activity beyond their local area.In recent years, however, such companies have concentrated on acquiring mobile home loans in volume for both commercial banks and savings and loan associations. Service companies obtain these loans from retail dealers, usually on a nonrecourse basis. Almost all bank/service company agreements contain a credit insurance policy that protects the lender if the consumer defaults. [edit]Unsecured loan Unsecured loansà are monetary loans that are not secured against the borrower's assets (i. e. , noà collateralà is involved). There are small businesss unsecured loans such as credit cards and credit lines to large corporate credit lines.These may be available from financial institutions under many different guises or marketing packages: * bankà overdrafts An overdraft occurs when money is withdrawn from a bank account and the available balance goes below zero. In this s ituation the account is said to be ââ¬Å"overdrawnâ⬠. If there is a prior agreement with the account provider for an overdraft, and the amount overdrawn is within the authorized overdraft limit, then interest is normally charged at the agreed rate. If the POSITIVE balance exceeds the agreed terms, then additional fees may be charged and higher interest rates may apply. * corporate bonds credit cardà debt * credit facilities or lines of credit * personal loans What makes a bank limited liability company A corporate bond is a bond issued by a corporation. It is a bond that a corporation issues to raise money in order to expand its business. [1] The term is usually applied to longer-term debt instruments, generally with a maturity date falling at least a year after their issue date. (The term ââ¬Å"commercial paperâ⬠is sometimes used for instruments with a shorter maturity. ) Sometimes, the term ââ¬Å"corporate bondsâ⬠is used to include all bonds except those issu ed by governments in their own currencies.Strictly speaking, however, it only applies to those issued by corporations. The bonds of local authorities and supranational organizations do not fit in either category. [clarification needed] Corporate bonds are often listed on major exchanges (bonds there are called ââ¬Å"listedâ⬠bonds) and ECNs like Bonds. com and MarketAxess, and the coupon (i. e. interest payment) is usually taxable. Sometimes this coupon can be zero with a high redemption value. However, despite being listed on exchanges, the vast majority of trading volume in corporate bonds in most developed markets takes place in decentralized, dealer-based, over-the-counter markets.Some corporate bonds have an embedded call option that allows the issuer to redeem the debt before its maturity date. Other bonds, known as convertible bonds, allow investors to convert the bond into equity. Corporate Credit spreads may alternatively be earned in exchange for default risk through the mechanism of Credit Default Swaps which give an unfunded synthetic exposure to similar risks on the same ââ¬ËReference Entities'. However, owing to quite volatile CDS ââ¬Ëbasis' the spreads on CDS and the credit spreads on corporate bonds can be significantly different. Assets and Liabilities of Commercial Banks in the United States * Glass-Steagall Act * Mortgage constant Functions of Commercial Banks Commercial bank being the financial institution performs diverse types of functions. It satisfies the financial needs of the sectors such as agriculture, industry, trade, communication, etc. That means they play very significant role in a process of economic social needs. The functions performed by banks are changing according to change in time and recently they are becoming customer centric and widening their functions. Generally the functions of commercial banks are divided into two categories viz. rimary functions and the secondary functions. The following chart simplifi es the functions of banks. Primary Functions of Commercial Banks Commercial Banks performs various primary functions some of them are given below 1 Accepting Depositsà :à Commercial bank accepts various types of deposits from public especially from its clients. It includes saving account deposits, recurring account deposits, fixed deposits, etc. These deposits are payable after a certain time periodà 2 Making Advancesà :à The commercial banks provide loans and advances of various forms. It includes an over draft facility, cash credit, bill discounting, etc.They also give demand and demand and term loans to all types of clients against proper security. 3 Credit creationà :It is most significant function of the commercial banks. While sanctioning a loan to a customer, a bank does not provide cash to the borrower Instead it opens a deposit account from where the borrower can withdraw. In other words while sanctioning a loan a bank automatically creates deposits. This is kno wn as a credit creation from commercial bank. Secondary Functions of Commercial Banks Along with the primary functions each commercial bank has to perform several secondary functions too.It includes many agency functions or general utility functions. The secondary functions of commercial banks can be divided into agency functions and utility functions. a) Agency Functionsà : Various agency functions of commercial banks are ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 1 To collect and clear cheque, dividends and interest warrant. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 2 To make payment of rent, insurance premium, etc. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 3 To deal in foreign exchange transactions. ââ¬âââ¬ââ⠬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 4 To purchase and sell securities. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â 5 To act as trusty, attorney, correspondent and executor. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 6 To accept tax proceeds and tax returns. b) General Utility Functionsà : The general utility functions of the commercial banks include ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 1 To provide safety locker facility to customers. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 2 To provide money transfer facility. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âà ¢â¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 3 To issue traveller's cheque. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- To act as referees. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 5 To accept various bills for payment e. g phone bills, gas bills, water bills, etc. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 6 To provide merchant banking facility. ââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬âââ¬â- 7 To provide various cards such as credit cards, debit cards, Smart cards, etc. Andrievskiy Wealth Managementà establishes bank accounts for onshore and offshore companies and private individuals with one of the oldest banks in Switzerland, for asset management as well as for purely commercial transfers.Andrievskiy Wealth Management doesnââ¬â¢t charge any commissions for bank account openings. * Time period of an account opening: 7-10 days (available by mail) * Price: free of charge * Getting keys of electronic access to the account (e-banking) * Time period of getting keys: 7 days * Registering management mandate according to your strategy: 1 day * The minimum recommended amount to open a Swiss bank account is 500 000 CHF * Receiving reports: quarterly or on request Opening a Swiss bank account in the Internet age is a very easy thing to do.The main reason for opening a Swiss bank account is for the extreme security and privacy Swiss Banks uphold thanks to Swiss laws that have been in effect for over 75 years. Contrary to popular belief, opening a Swiss bank account does not always mean that you are a tax evader, criminal, or money launderer. Swiss bank accounts can protect oneââ¬â¢s money from prying relatives, nasty divorce settlements, lawsuits, and more. Some people just want a Swiss bank account because of the allure and mystery often attached to Swiss bank accounts, but whatever your reasons it is relatively easy to find a bank and open an account.Till the end of the last century, opening a Swiss bank account may have included visiting the bank of your choice in person, paying hundreds of dollars a year in fees, and putting down a few thousand dollars as an initial deposit. As the Internet has allowed online banking to explode, you can now open a bank account at thousands of banks around the world wherever you are. Offshore bank accounts are available to anyone with money that needs a place to be kept, Swiss banks have a lot of competition these days. Sticking to trusted and insured banks is always the way to go.While most banks today have secure online banking and security features in place, a Swiss bank account comes built in with some of the strictest privac y laws in the world. Never wire money or deposit money to any site or bank without first verifying that the bank or site is secure and licensed to do banking. Making sure deposits are insured is also a good idea and be mindful that not all banks may be insured or may have deposit insurance limits. Read reviews and ask questions about the Swiss bank you choose before providing any personal information.Once youââ¬â¢ve found a good Swiss bank and open an account youââ¬â¢ll enjoy financial privacy at a level found only in Switzerland. In 1934, the Swiss passed a law that made it a criminal offense for bankers to reveal the identity of account holders. There are two reasons why this protection was reinforced: Nazi spies: The 1931 crisis led to intensified foreign exchange control in Germany. Hitler promulgated a law whereby any German with foreign capital was to be punished by death, and the Gestapo began espionage on Swiss banks. When three Germans were put to death, the Swiss gov ernment was convinced of the necessity to reinforce bank secrecy.Pressure from the French: The 1932 Basler Handelsbank affair revealed that over 2,000 members of the French elite had accounts in Switzerland. French Leftists took advantage of this to denounce the austerity program of the government. It called for legal authority over French accounts in Switzerland, but to no avail. Unlike American law where law enforcement agencies, the judicial system, and private citizens can gain access to all kinds of financial information, under Swiss law neither the bankââ¬â¢s officers or the its employees are allowed to reveal any information, relative to any account to anyone, including the Swiss government.No private citizen or their legal representative can ever receive any type of information about anyoneââ¬â¢s Swiss bank account under any set of conditions. That includes all types of legal proceedings that the Swiss classify as non-criminal behavior. The Swiss consider tax evasion a political offense. Divorce, inheritance disputes and bankruptcy cases are considered private matters, and as such the secrecy of the account is protected from any legal action to verify the presence of, or attempts to seize any assets. There are some notable exceptions.The Swiss are bound by a treaty with the US to reveal accounts connected with organized crime, drug trafficking and insider trading. But the final say on revealing the identity of the account holder is up to the Swiss authorities. 7 myths about Swiss bank accounts Swiss bank accounts are only for millionaires. This is not true. The majority of our clients are not major manufacturers or movie stars, but everyday people (business people, computer engineers, civil servants, etc. ). Swiss banks are no longer only for stars. You can open a Swiss bank account with a deposit of only 5,000 Swiss francs.We even offer accounts with no minimum balance. Money invested in Switzerland yields no interest. Nothing could be more untr ue. You can invest your money worldwide from your account in Switzerland. Swiss bankers are among the best finance managers in the world, so it comes as no surprise that they manage over 35% of offshore holdings. Itââ¬â¢s impossible to open an account in Switzerland by correspondence This is not true. Most of the accounts that we offer can be opened by correspondence as long as you comply with our opening procedures and provide us with the necessary documents.What is more, your banking relations can be conducted by correspondence, using the telephone, Internet banking, bank transfer and credit cards. That said, we encourage our customers to meet with their banker at least once in order to get acquainted and see where their money is held. Swiss bank accounts are very expensive to maintain This is not true. Most of the accounts we open donââ¬â¢t charge a cent in annual fees. Even if you would like additional services such as retained correspondence or numbered banking relations, the annual fees are very reasonable.It is difficult to close a Swiss bank account On the contrary. You can close your account in Switzerland whenever you wish and without any restriction. You will pay no financial penalty. If need be, you will just have to realize your investments. Contrary to many onshore banking practices, your money is not held hostage by Swiss banks. Swiss bank accounts attract only criminals and dictators Not true! The vast majority of Swiss bank account holders are honest people who want to keep their savings in a country renowned for its stability.Swiss banks are extremely cautious regarding politicians who wish to open an account and they systematically refuse to accept any money that is of dubious origin or poorly founded. Numbered accounts are anonymous There are no anonymous accounts in Switzerland. A numbered account is an account that is identified solely by a number, rather than a name, in order to preserve the strictest confidentiality possible durin g teller transactions or bank transfers. Only the bank manager and a few select people know the identity of numbered account holders. There exist two different types Swiss bank accounts.The first is accessible to (almost) anyone. Such an account will offer credit and debit cards, checking or whatever else you may want in a bank account. Opening such an account can be done in personââ¬âsome Swiss banks have branches here in the USââ¬âor by mail. Then there are the Swiss bank accounts youââ¬â¢ve heard about from the movies. These are the numbered accounts, the ones with minimum balances anywhere from $100,000 to $1 million. Itââ¬â¢s known as private banking and itââ¬â¢s reserved for folks who have a lot of assets to manage and who demand a lot of service.The services you receive at a private bank focus on private counseling in aspects of wealth management including investments, tax concerns, and estate planning. The numbered accounts arenââ¬â¢t anonymous, but only a few people know the name of the account holder and Swiss law forbids them from revealing it to most anyone. They canââ¬â¢t acknowledge that you have an account, give out the name of a numbered account holder or reveal any information about the transactions of any account holder. Generally, numbered accounts must be opened in person, though lawyers and/or brokers can perform this service for you by mail.Your signature and identity have to be authenticated by a notary public or consul, depending on circumstances. If youââ¬â¢ve got the money and want to open such account, here are links to the private banking departments of some well known Swiss banks: Ask Dr. Econ July 2001 What Is the Economic Function of a Bank? Commercial banks play an important role in the financial system and the economy. As a key component of the financial system, banks allocate funds from savers to borrowers in an efficient manner. They provide specialized financial services, which reduce the cost of ob taining information about both savings and borrowing opportunities.These financial services help to make the overall economy more efficient. Imagine a World Without Banks One way to answer your question is to imagine, for a moment, a world without banking institutions, and then to ask yourself a few questions. This is not just an academic exercise; many former eastern-block nations began facing this question when they began to create financial markets and develop market-oriented banks and other financial institutions. If there were no banksâ⬠¦ * Where would you go to borrow money? * What would you do with your savings? * Would you be able to borrow (save) as much as you need, when you need t, in a form that would be convenient for you? * What risks might you face as a saver (borrower)? How Banks Work Banks operate by borrowing funds-usually by accepting deposits or by borrowing in the money markets. Banks borrow from individuals, businesses, financial institutions, and governmen ts with surplus funds (savings). They then use those deposits and borrowed funds (liabilities of the bank) to make loans or to purchase securities (assets of the bank). Banks make these loans to businesses, other financial institutions, individuals, and governments (that need the funds for investments or other purposes).Interest rates provide the price signals for borrowers, lenders, and banks. Through the process of taking deposits, making loans, and responding to interest rate signals, the banking system helps channel funds from savers to borrowers in an efficient manner. Savers range from an individual with a $1,000 certificate of deposit to a corporation with millions of dollars in temporary savings. Banks also service a wide array of borrowers, from an individual who takes a loan of $100 on a credit card to a major corporation financing a billion-dollar corporate merger.The table below provides a June 2001 snapshot of the balance sheet for the entire U. S. commercial banking in dustry. It shows that the bulk of banks' sources of funds comes from deposits ââ¬â checking, savings, money market deposit accounts, and time certificates. The most common uses of these funds are to make real estate and commercial and industrial loans. Individual banks' asset and liability composition may vary widely from the industry figures, because some institutions provide specialized or limited banking services. Banks Are Only One Type of Financial Intermediary Finally, the U.S. financial services industry and financial markets are highly developed. In recent decades, many new products and services have been created, as well as new financial instruments and institutions. Today, in addition to banks, there are several other important types of financial intermediaries. These include savings institutions, credit unions, insurance companies, mutual funds, pension funds, finance companies, and real estate investment trusts (REITS). Banks' assets have grown in recent decades in a bsolute terms; however, banks have tended to lose market share to even aster growing intermediaries such as pension funds and mutual funds. Still, banks continue to account for a significant share-over 23 percent-of the assets of all financial intermediaries at the end of year 2000, as the chart below shows. The main functions of commercial banks are accepting deposits from the public and advancing them loans. However, besides these functions there are many other functions which these banks perform. All these functions can be divided under the following heads: 1. Accepting deposits 2. Giving loans 3. Overdraft 4. Discounting of Bills of Exchange . Investment of Funds 6. Agency Functions 7. Miscellaneous Functions 1. Accepting Deposits: The most important function of commercial banks is to accept deposits from the public. Various sections of society, according to their needs and economic condition, deposit their savings with the banks. For example, fixed and low income group people d eposit their savings in small amounts from the points of view of security, income and saving promotion. On the other hand, traders and businessmen deposit their savings in the banks for the convenience of payment.Therefore, keeping the needs and interests of various sections of society, banks formulate various deposit schemes. Generally, there ire three types of deposits which are as follows: (i)à Current Deposits: The depositors of such deposits can withdraw and deposit money whenever they desire. Since banks have to keep the deposited amount of such accounts in cash always, they carry either no interest or very low rate of interest. These deposits are called as Demand Deposits because these can be demanded or withdrawn by the depositors at any time they want.Such deposit accounts are highly useful for traders and big business firms because they have to make payments and accept payments many times in a day. (ii)à Fixed Deposits: These are the deposits which are deposited for a definite period of time. This period is generally not less than one year and, therefore, these are called as long term deposits. These deposits cannot be withdrawn before the expiry of the stipulated time and, therefore, these are also called as time deposits. These deposits generally carry a higher rate of interest because banks can use these deposits for a definite time without having the fear of being withdrawn. iii)à Saving Deposits: In such deposits, money upto a certain limit can be deposited and withdrawn once or twice in a week. On such deposits, the rate of interest is very less. As is evident from the name of such deposits their main objective is to mobilise small savings in the form of deposits. These deposits are generally done by salaried people and the people who have fixed and less income. 2. Giving Loans: The second important function of commercial banks is to advance loans to its customers. Banks charge interest from the borrowers and this is the main source of th eir income.Banks advance loans not only on the basis of the deposits of the public rather they also advance loans on the basis of depositing the money in the accounts of borrowers. In other words, they create loans out of deposits and deposits out of loans. This is called as credit creation by commercial banks. Modern banks give mostly secured loans for productive purposes. In other words, at the time of advancing loans, they demand proper security or collateral. Generally, the value of security or collateral is equal to the amount of loan.This is done mainly with a view to recover the loan money by selling the security in the event of non-refund of the loan. At limes, banks give loan on the basis of personal security also. Therefore, such loans are called as unsecured loan. Banks generally give following types of loans and advances: (i)à Cash Credit: In this type of credit scheme, banks advance loans to its customers on the basis of bonds, inventories and other approved securitie s. Under this scheme, banks enter into an agreement with its customers to which money can e withdrawn many times during a year. Under this set up banks open accounts of their customers and deposit the loan money. With this type of loan, credit is created. (iii)à Demand loans: These are such loans that can be recalled on demand by the banks. The entire loan amount is paid in lump sum by crediting it to the loan account of the borrower, and thus entire loan becomes chargeable to interest with immediate effect. (iv)à Short-term loan: These loans may be given as personal loans, loans to finance working capital or as priority sector advances.These are made against some security and entire loan amount is transferred to the loan account of the borrower. 3. Over-Draft: Banks advance loans to its customerââ¬â¢s upto a certain amount through over-drafts, if there are no deposits in the current account. For this banks demand a security from the customers and charge very high rate of int erest. 4. Discounting of Bills of Exchange: This is the most prevalent and important method of advancing loans to the traders for short-term purposes. Under this system, banks advance loans to the traders and business firms by discounting their bills.In this way, businessmen get loans on the basis of their bills of exchange before the time of their maturity. 5. Investment of Funds: The banks invest their surplus funds in three types of securitiesââ¬âGovernment securities, other approved securities and other securities. Government securities include both, central and state governments, such as treasury bills, national savings certificate etc. Other securities include securities of state associated bodies like electricity boards, housing boards, debentures of Land Development Banks units of UTI, shares of Regional Rural banks etc. 6.Agency Functions: Banks function in the form of agents and representatives of their customers. Customers give their consent for performing such functi ons. The important functions of these types are as follows: (i) Banks collect cheques, drafts, bills of exchange and dividends of the shares for their customers. (ii) Banks make payment for their clients and at times accept the bills of exchange: of their customers for which payment is made at the fixed time. (iii) Banks pay insurance premium of their customers. Besides this, they also deposit loan installments, income-tax, interest etc. s per directions. (iv) Banks purchase and sell securities, shares and debentures on behalf of their customers. (v) Banks arrange to send money from one place to another for the convenience of their customers. 7. Miscellaneous Functions: Besides the functions mentioned above, banks perform many other functions of general utility which are as follows: (i) Banks make arrangement of lockers for the safe custody of valuable assets of their customers such as gold, silver, legal documents etc. (ii) Banks give reference for their customers. iii) Banks colle ct necessary and useful statistics relating to trade and industry. (iv) For facilitating foreign trade, banks undertake to sell and purchase foreign exchange. (v) Banks advise their clients relating to investment decisions as specialist (vi) Bank does the under-writing of shares and debentures also. (vii) Banks issue letters of credit. (viii) During natural calamities, banks are highly useful in mobilizing funds and donations. (ix) Banks provide loans for consumer durables like Car, Air-conditioner, and Fridge etc.
Monday, January 6, 2020
Ordinary Men b Christopher Browning Essay - 1632 Words
In the book Ordinary Men, Christopher Browning tackles the question of why German citizens engaged in nefarious behavior that led to the deaths of millions of Jewish and other minorities throughout Europe. The question of what drove Germans to commit acts of genocide has been investigated by numerous historians, but unfortunately, no overarching answer for the crimes has yet been decided upon. However, certain theories are more popular than others. Daniel Goldhagen in his book, Hitlerââ¬â¢s Willing Executioners, has expounded that the nature of the German culture before the Second World War was deeply embedded in anti-Semitic fervor, which in turn, acted as the catalyst for the events that would unfold into the Holocaust. It is at thisâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It is now that Browning goes in-depth on the massacre that occurred in Jozefow. Of the perpetrators, Browning mentions that many were middle-aged policemen who were given a choice of whether or not they wanted to take part in killing the Jewish population in this area. The major who offered a reprieve from being involved in the slaughter was Major Trapp, of the 500 men who would be present, only a mere dozen would accept his offer. Afterwards, the slaughter began with one soldier stating ââ¬Å"I shot the child that belonged to her, because I reasoned with myself that after all without its mother the child could not live any longer; so to speak, soothing to my conscience to release children unable to live without their mothers. (Browning 73)â⬠It is at this point that Browning proceeds to put forth his argument as to why he believes what he postulated in his theory. He uses this scene to catapult himself into an argument of why anti-Semitism was not the main driving force behind the killing. Years later, once the soldiers were interrogated and the soldier recounted this scene to Browning and others, there was a glaring omission, and that was of anti-Semitism as a driving force to kill the Je ws. Browning highlights this important part of the discussion with the former soldiers as indicating that their sole motivation was not just hatredShow MoreRelatedAuthor Christopher Browning867 Words à |à 3 PagesABOUT THE AUTHOR: Christopher Browning is a historian on the holocaust and Nazi Germany. He is the Frank Porter Graham distinguished professor of history at the university of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. THE SUMMARY: Ordinary men take place during the summer of 1942 in the polish village of Jozefow. The book tells us the story of normal working family men of the Reserve Police Battalion 101 who were commission into carrying out horrific crimes and mass killings on Polish Jews. The main charactersRead MoreThe Expectations Of Morality And Actions972 Words à |à 4 PagesConnor McAdoo HIST-111-B Olin 22 April 2017 Word Count: 918 Ordinary Men Essay As a society, we have certain expectations concerning morality and actions. When an individualââ¬â¢s behavior coincides with our societiesââ¬â¢ expectations then they are deemed as ordinary because they are not an outlier. Though when the situation changes for individuals so do their actions and after an amount of time their new actions and behaviors become the norm. Even when the behavior fundamentally conflicts with theirRead MoreHitler s Political And Foreign Policy1263 Words à |à 6 Pageshowever, with the propaganda of mass genocide, the German people were scared into accepting the Nazisââ¬â¢ inhumane ideals. In Christopher R. 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